Preheat the oven to 275 degrees.
Trim and cut the beef chuck roast into 2" chunks. Season the meat with the salt and pepper and set aside.
Heat 2 tbsp. olive oil over medium high in Dutch oven and swirl it around to cover the bottom of the pan. Arrange the beef in a single layer in the bottom of the pan and cook in batches, turning with tongs. Reduce the heat to medium if beef is cooking too fast. Sear the beef on all sides, remove from the pot and set aside on a plate. Add additional 1 tbsp or more olive oil if pan becomes too dry.
When all the beef is cooked, deglaze the pan with 1 cup water and save drippings for part of the stew liquid.
Return the pot to the heat and reduce to medium. Melt the butter in the pot and add the onions and garlic. Cook slowly until the veggies are softened and lightly browned.
Add carrots and celery to the pot and cook for 1-2 minutes until crisp tender, then add the flour and stir to coat the vegetables. Stir for 1-2 minutes over medium heat to cook the raw flavor out of the flour.
Add tomato paste, Guinness beer, 1 cup water used to deglaze pan with drippings, instant coffee, beef broth, thyme, and the bay leaves. Add beef back into the pot. Stir until liquid ingredients are combined.
Bring the stew to a boil, then place the lid on the Dutch oven and transfer into the preheated oven. Bake for about 2 1/2 to 3 hours or until the beef is tender.
Remove from the oven and add salt and pepper to taste. Set aside on low heat and make the potatoes. Remove the bay leaves prior to serving.